Safely Storing Art

Understanding the Needs of Artwork

Art is not only valuable in terms of monetary worth but also in sentimental and cultural significance. Properly storing artwork is crucial to preserving its condition and longevity. Different types of art have unique storage requirements, and understanding these needs is the first step in ensuring that your pieces remain safe and well-maintained in a storage unit.

Types of Artwork and Their Specific Storage Requirements

1. Paintings

•  Oil Paintings: Require stable temperature and humidity levels to prevent cracking and fading. They should be stored in a vertical position with sufficient padding to avoid pressure marks.
• Acrylic Paintings: While more resilient to temperature fluctuations, they still need to be protected from excessive heat and humidity. Acrylics can also attract dust, so they should be covered with a protective material.
• Watercolors and Gouache: Highly sensitive to light and humidity, these should be stored flat in acid-free portfolios or boxes and kept in a dark, dry environment.

2. Sculptures

• Metal Sculptures: Prone to rust and corrosion if exposed to moisture. They should be kept in a dry, climate-controlled environment.
• Wood Sculptures: Vulnerable to cracking and warping due to changes in humidity. They need stable conditions and should be stored off the ground to prevent moisture absorption.
• Stone Sculptures: Although generally durable, they can be damaged by extreme temperature changes and should be protected from dust and potential physical impacts.

3. Prints and Photographs

• Prints (Lithographs, Screenprints, etc.): Sensitive to light and humidity. They should be stored flat in acid-free boxes and kept in a dark, climate-controlled environment.
• Photographs: Require protection from light, heat, and humidity. They should be stored in acid-free, archival-quality sleeves or boxes and kept in a cool, dark place.

4. Textiles and Fabric Art

• Tapestries, Quilts, and Fabric Art: Susceptible to fading, moisture damage, and pest infestations. These should be stored flat or rolled in acid-free materials and kept in a dry, dark environment.

Common Risks to Artwork in Storage

Understanding the risks that can harm artwork in storage is essential to taking the proper precautions. Here are some of the most common risks:

1. Temperature Fluctuations

Extreme temperatures can cause materials like wood, canvas, and paper to expand and contract, leading to warping, cracking, and other forms of damage.

2. Humidity

High humidity levels can lead to mold growth, while low humidity can cause materials to dry out and become brittle. Maintaining a stable humidity level is crucial for preserving artwork.

3. Light Exposure

Ultraviolet (UV) light can cause fading and discoloration in paintings, prints, and textiles. Artwork should be kept in the dark or covered with UV-protective materials when stored.

4. Pests

Insects and rodents can cause significant damage to artwork, especially pieces made of organic materials like wood, fabric, and paper. Regular checks and preventive measures are necessary to protect against infestations.

5. Physical Damage

Improper handling, stacking, or leaning can result in physical damage such as scratches, dents, and tears. Artwork should be stored securely with appropriate padding and support.

By understanding the specific needs of different types of artwork and the common risks associated with storage, you can take the necessary steps to protect and preserve your valuable pieces. In the next section, we will discuss how to choose the right storage unit to meet these needs and provide a safe environment for your artwork.

Choosing the Right Storage Unit

Selecting the appropriate storage unit is essential for ensuring that your artwork remains safe and well-preserved. Different types of storage units offer various features that can significantly impact the condition of your artwork. This section will guide you through the important factors to consider when choosing a storage unit and compare different types of units to help you make an informed decision.

Importance of Climate-Controlled Units for Artwork

Climate control is one of the most critical features to look for in a storage unit when it comes to storing artwork. Temperature and humidity fluctuations can cause significant damage to art, making climate-controlled units an essential choice for art storage.

1. Stable Temperature

Climate-controlled units maintain a consistent temperature, typically between 55 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit. This stability helps prevent expansion and contraction of materials such as canvas, wood, and paper, which can lead to warping, cracking, and other forms of damage.

2. Humidity Regulation

These units also regulate humidity levels, keeping them between 30% and 50%. Proper humidity control prevents mold growth and stops materials from drying out and becoming brittle.

3. Protection from Extreme Conditions

Unlike standard storage units, climate-controlled units protect artwork from extreme temperatures and humidity, providing a stable environment year-round. This protection is particularly important in regions with significant seasonal changes.

Factors to Consider

1. Size

• Assess the amount and dimensions of your artwork to determine the appropriate size of the storage unit. Ensure that the unit has enough space for you to store your items without overcrowding, which can lead to damage.
• Consider potential future acquisitions and choose a unit that allows for some extra space to accommodate growth in your collection.

2. Location

• Choose a storage facility that is conveniently located near your home, studio, or gallery. This proximity will make it easier for you to access your artwork when needed.
• Ensure that the facility is in a safe area, away from flood zones or regions prone to natural disasters.

3. Security

• Look for storage facilities with robust security measures such as surveillance cameras, gated access, individual unit alarms, and on-site management. High security minimizes the risk of theft and vandalism.
• Consider additional security features like electronic access codes or biometric entry systems for added peace of mind.

4. Accessibility

• Ensure that the storage unit is easily accessible, with convenient loading and unloading areas. Some facilities offer drive-up access or provide carts and dollies to help transport heavy or bulky items.
• Check the facility's hours of operation and make sure they align with your schedule. Some facilities offer 24/7 access, which can be beneficial if you need to retrieve or store artwork outside of regular business hours.

Comparing Different Types of Storage Units

1. Standard Storage Units

• Pros: Generally more affordable than climate-controlled units and widely available.
• Cons: Lack of temperature and humidity control can lead to damage, especially for sensitive artwork. Standard units are also more susceptible to pests and environmental factors.

2. Climate-Controlled Storage Units

• Pros: Provide a stable environment with regulated temperature and humidity, protecting artwork from damage caused by extreme conditions. These units often have better security and cleanliness standards.
• Cons: Higher cost compared to standard units, but the additional expense is justified by the protection they offer for valuable artwork.

3. Specialized Art Storage Facilities

• Pros: Designed specifically for storing artwork, these facilities offer advanced climate control, superior security, and professional handling services. They may also provide additional services such as inventory management, conservation, and restoration.
• Cons: These facilities can be significantly more expensive than standard or climate-controlled units and may not be available in all areas.

By considering these factors and understanding the differences between storage unit types, you can make an informed decision that best suits your needs and ensures the safety of your artwork. In the next section, we will discuss how to properly prepare your artwork for storage, including cleaning, packing, and cataloging techniques.

Preparing Artwork for Storage

Proper preparation is key to ensuring that your artwork remains safe and intact while in storage. This involves cleaning and maintaining the pieces before storage, using the right packing materials and techniques, and keeping an organized inventory. Here’s how you can prepare your artwork for storage to ensure it stays in optimal condition.

Cleaning and Maintenance Before Storage

1. Cleaning

•  Paintings: Dust the surface gently with a soft, dry brush or microfiber cloth. Avoid using water or cleaning solutions, as they can damage the paint and canvas.
• Sculptures: Clean sculptures according to their material. Use a soft brush for dusting and avoid harsh chemicals. For metal sculptures, consider applying a protective wax coating to prevent oxidation.
• Prints and Photographs: Use a soft, dry cloth to remove dust. Handle with clean, dry hands or wear gloves to avoid transferring oils and dirt.

2. Maintenance

•  Inspect for Damage: Check each piece for any existing damage such as tears, cracks, or fading. Address minor issues before storing to prevent them from worsening.
• Documentation: Document the current condition of each piece with photos and detailed notes. This will help you track any changes or damages that might occur during storage.

Proper Packing Materials and Techniques

1. Acid-Free Materials

• Use acid-free materials to pack your artwork. Acid-free paper, tissue, and cardboard prevent chemical reactions that can cause yellowing and deterioration over time.
• For framing, use acid-free matting and backing materials to protect prints and photographs.

2. Protective Coverings and Frames

• Paintings and Prints: Wrap paintings and prints in acid-free tissue paper and then in bubble wrap. Place them in sturdy, acid-free cardboard boxes or create a custom crate for larger pieces. For framed pieces, use corner protectors to prevent damage.
• Sculptures: Wrap sculptures in bubble wrap, ensuring all parts are well-protected. For more delicate sculptures, consider using foam padding and packing them in custom crates for additional protection.

3. Packing Techniques

•  Avoid Overpacking: Do not overpack boxes or crates, as this can lead to pressure and potential damage. Ensure there is enough padding to keep the items secure without excessive pressure.
• Label Fragile Items: Clearly label boxes containing fragile items to ensure careful handling during transportation and storage.

Labeling and Cataloging Artwork for Easy Access

1. Labeling

•  Label each box or crate with a detailed description of its contents. Include the title of the artwork, artist’s name, dimensions, and any special handling instructions.
• Use clear, visible labels that can be easily read when stacked or stored.

2. Cataloging

• Maintain a detailed inventory list of all stored artwork. Include information such as the title, artist, medium, dimensions, and condition.
• Use inventory management software or apps to create a digital catalog. This allows for easy updates and quick access to information when needed.

3. Organizing

• Organize the storage unit in a way that allows easy access to frequently used items. Store less frequently accessed pieces towards the back or higher up.
• Group similar items together (e.g., paintings with paintings, sculptures with sculptures) and use shelving units to maximize vertical space.

By thoroughly cleaning, packing, and organizing your artwork, you can ensure that it remains protected and easy to access while in storage. Taking these steps will help preserve the condition of your pieces and prevent damage, making it easier to enjoy and display them in the future.

In the next section, we will discuss best practices for storing artwork, including how to control temperature and humidity, protect from light and dust, prevent physical damage, and manage pests.

Best Practices for Storing Artwork

Storing artwork involves more than just placing it in a storage unit. To ensure your pieces remain in pristine condition, it’s essential to follow best practices for temperature and humidity control, protection from light and dust, preventing physical damage, and managing pests. Here’s how you can implement these practices effectively.

Temperature and Humidity Control

1. Ideal Conditions

• Temperature: Keep the storage unit temperature stable, ideally between 65°F and 75°F. Sudden temperature changes can cause materials to expand and contract, leading to damage.
• Humidity: Maintain humidity levels between 40% and 50%. High humidity can promote mold growth, while low humidity can cause materials to dry out and crack.

2. Using Dehumidifiers and Humidifiers

• In a climate-controlled unit, these devices may not be necessary. However, if you notice fluctuations, consider using dehumidifiers to reduce excess moisture or humidifiers to add moisture in a dry environment.
• Monitor humidity levels with a hygrometer to ensure they remain within the ideal range.

Protection from Light and Dust

1. Light-Blocking Materials and Covers

• Exposure to light, especially UV light, can cause artwork to fade and deteriorate. Use light-blocking materials such as UV-protective glass or acrylic for framed pieces.
• Store artwork in dark or low-light conditions whenever possible. Cover pieces with light-blocking cloths or acid-free materials to protect them from exposure.

2. Keeping Artwork Covered and in the Dark

• Keep all artwork covered when not on display. Use breathable, acid-free cloth covers for paintings and prints, and ensure sculptures are wrapped securely.
• Avoid placing artwork near windows or direct light sources, even within a climate-controlled unit.

Preventing Physical Damage

1. Proper Positioning and Support

• Store paintings and prints vertically to prevent pressure marks and warping. Use padded supports to keep them upright and stable.
• Place sculptures on sturdy, level surfaces. For fragile or irregularly shaped pieces, use foam padding or custom supports to distribute weight evenly.

2. Avoiding Stacking and Leaning

• Do not stack artwork on top of each other, as this can lead to pressure damage. If stacking is unavoidable, use sturdy separators and ensure the weight is evenly distributed.
• Avoid leaning paintings and prints directly against walls or each other. Use padded separators or specially designed racks to keep them upright and protected.

Pest Control

1. Regular Checks and Preventive Measures

• Inspect the storage unit regularly for signs of pests such as insects or rodents. Look for droppings, chewed materials, or unusual smells.
• Implement preventive measures such as using pest repellents, traps, and ensuring the unit is well-sealed. Avoid storing food or organic materials that could attract pests.

2. Cleaning and Maintenance

• Keep the storage unit clean and free of dust and debris. Regularly sweep the floor and wipe down surfaces to remove potential nesting sites for pests.
• Clean artwork before storing and check periodically for signs of pest damage or infestations. Address any issues promptly to prevent further damage.
  

By following these best practices, you can ensure that your artwork is well-protected and preserved while in storage. In the next section, we’ll discuss the importance of regular maintenance and monitoring to keep your stored artwork in optimal condition.

Regular Maintenance and Monitoring

Ensuring the long-term preservation of your artwork in storage requires regular maintenance and monitoring. By periodically checking on your stored pieces, you can catch potential issues early and take corrective measures to prevent damage. Here’s how to maintain and monitor your artwork effectively while it’s in a storage unit.

Periodic Visits to the Storage Unit

1. Regular Inspections

•  Schedule regular visits to your storage unit, ideally once every few months, to inspect your artwork. Frequent checks help identify any environmental changes, pest infestations, or physical damage early on.
• During each visit, examine the condition of each piece and the overall environment of the storage unit. Look for signs of moisture, temperature fluctuations, or pests.

2. Condition Monitoring

• Keep detailed records of the condition of each artwork during each visit. Note any changes or new signs of damage, such as cracks, discoloration, or mold growth.
• Use a checklist to ensure you cover all critical aspects during your inspections, including temperature, humidity, light exposure, and physical condition.

Checking for Signs of Damage or Deterioration

1. Physical Damage

•  Look for scratches, dents, or other forms of physical damage. Pay close attention to edges and corners, which are more prone to damage.
• Check that paintings remain properly stretched on their frames and that sculptures are stable and free of cracks or chips.

2. Environmental Damage

•  Inspect for signs of moisture, such as dampness, mold, or mildew. If you detect any moisture, address the source immediately and consider using a dehumidifier.
• Monitor for any fading or discoloration caused by light exposure, and ensure that UV-protective measures are still effective.

3. Pest Infestations

• Look for droppings, chewed materials, or other evidence of pests. Small holes or tunnels in wood or canvas can indicate insect activity.
• Use pest control measures as needed and ensure that the unit remains sealed to prevent future infestations.

Updating Inventory and Condition Reports

1. Maintaining Accurate Records

• Keep an up-to-date inventory list of all stored artwork, including detailed descriptions, photographs, and condition reports. This documentation will help track changes over time and provide valuable information for insurance purposes.
• Use digital tools or software to manage your inventory and condition reports. These tools allow for easy updates and quick access to information when needed.

2. Catalog Updates

• Update your inventory and condition reports during each inspection. Include any new pieces added to storage and note any changes in the condition of existing pieces.
• Ensure that all labels and identifiers on storage boxes or crates are still legible and accurate. Replace any that have become damaged or faded.

Maintenance Tips

1. Environmental Controls

• Ensure that climate control systems in your storage unit are functioning correctly. Check that temperature and humidity levels remain stable and within the recommended range.
• Adjust dehumidifiers, humidifiers, or air purifiers as needed to maintain ideal conditions.

2. Cleaning and Dusting

• Keep the storage unit clean and free from dust and debris. Regularly sweep the floors and wipe down shelves and storage containers.
• Clean artwork gently as needed, using appropriate methods and materials for each type of piece. Avoid harsh chemicals that could cause damage.
  

Storing artwork safely in a storage unit involves careful planning and adherence to best practices to ensure your pieces remain in excellent condition. By understanding the unique needs of different types of artwork, choosing the right storage unit, and following proper preparation and maintenance procedures, you can protect your valuable collection from damage.